Social Work: for a Theoretical-Empirical, Quali-Quantitative, “Multiple and Hybrid” Research

Abstract

The analysis of "the method," "the methods," and the type of research in the field of Social Work studies from a theoretical-conceptual point of view, leads to the exploration and explanation of several epistemological and methodological issues and problems. These aspects, while common to all social sciences, nevertheless, according to some scholars, are challenged not only by the unique nature of the professional role and discipline within this sector, but also, and above all, by the specific nature of the particular object of study, which consists, according to an illustrative but non-exhaustive definition of "a heterogeneous set of voluntary and regulatory activities, carried out by public and/or private entities, on behalf of vulnerable and needy individuals." This uniqueness not only impacts and influences the choice of method, methods, and type of investigation applicable to this particular field of study, but also suggests, indeed requires, the adoption of a qualitative rather than quantitative approach. This study aims to explain why an exclusively qualitative research approach is untenable in the field of social work; instead, it proposes and promotes a “multiple and hybrid” mixed-methods, qualitative-quantitative approach. This approach seeks to mitigate, though not entirely eliminate, the risks associated with the researcher’s potential exploitation of the subject matter or questionable inaction, while ensuring a responsible presence in society that is grounded in a broadly shared scientific consensus.